What's the difference between studio lighting and stage lighting

Stage lighting is mainly reflected in people's eyes, Studio lighting is more important through the TV picture. For TV lighting, camera is an important equipment. Drama stage is based on the human eye as the frame, while TV video is based on the camera as the frame, which is a different perspective. The stage performance is that the human eye is experiencing the stage, and the personal perspective is different; while the TV program recording is that the camera is observing the stage, and the camera is multi position and multi perspective. The television picture is shot by the camera, where the camera and cameraman reflect the light, and then through the director to select and edit the pictures of multiple perspectives, which are presented in front of the audience through the transmission of television signal. This is a big difference between stage performance and TV picture.

What's the difference between studio lighting and stage lighting

1. Illumination requirements

The visual range of the human eye is relatively large, that is, the range of brightness that can be felt is relatively large. Whether it is sunny or dim, the human eye can see objects and distinguish details through the free adjustment of the pupil. As far as the stage lighting viewed by human eyes is concerned, the brightness of the stage and the scene is as long as the audience's vision is comfortable.

The camera adapts to the change of light and shade by adjusting the lens aperture and the sensitivity of the internal CCD sensor. When the illumination of the studio is low, the camera can open a large aperture. And when the illumination is high, it can open a small aperture. But the size of the aperture will affect the effect and quality of the image, such as the virtual and real effect of the depth of field, the clarity of the image and so on. When the aperture of the camera is too large, the halo will be obvious; if the aperture of the camera is too small, the clarity of the image will be reduced due to diffraction. Therefore, as a TV lighting designer, we must maintain the relative appropriate illumination of the program recording site, so that the camera can determine a suitable aperture opening to ensure the quality of the shooting picture. Neither too little illumination can force the camera to open to a large aperture, nor too much illumination can force the camera to open to a small aperture, which will affect the effect of the TV picture. At the same time, it should be noted that different cameras have different sensitivity and different requirements for illumination.

Studio lighting illumination is to ensure that the camera can be adjusted to the appropriate aperture to get a clear picture.

2. Light ratio requirement

Light ratio refers to the ratio of brightness value between light and dark formed by light projection on the scene. Using different light ratio modeling on the scene can present different artistic effects, with large light ratio, strong contrast and great visual impact; with small light ratio and soft contrast, people can feel a kind of relief.

The use of stage lighting to light ratio is rich and arbitrary. As long as the audience's vision is satisfied, the degree of freedom is very large. Many strong dramatic effects are achieved by the contrast between the bright and the dark. TV lighting is not the case, and the large contrast allowed by the camera is limited. In TV lighting distribution, the illumination can be compensated by adjusting the aperture of the camera within a certain range, but the light ratio of the illuminated object can not be adjusted by the camera. It should be said that the light ratio is relatively objective, and the camera can not adjust the light ratio of the illuminated object from 2:1 to 3:1. If the light ratio of the illuminated object is too large, which is beyond the allowable range of the camera, at this time, if the camera adjusts the aperture with the bright part of the illuminated object as the standard, so that the details of the bright part can be reflected, then the dark part may be black; if the camera adjusts the aperture with the dark part as the standard, then the dark part can reflect the level, but the bright part may be exposed to white. These are not ideal picture effects, which can not be used by the director.

Designers often use different light positions such as face light, ear light, side light, backlight and background light to distribute light. According to different effect requirements, the illuminance configuration and light ratio of different light positions are different. But generally speaking, the light ratio of TV lighting should not be too large. If the light ratio is too large, the picture reflected by the camera will be exposed on the bright side, Or the dark side becomes black paste. Lighting designers should adjust the light ratio of the illuminated object timely if they find this situation in the TV picture during the stage of joint rehearsal and rehearsal.

The task of TV lighting is to control the illumination and light ratio of the scene, and make the scene get a good visual effect through the camera.

Tomorrow we will talk about the requirements of color and color temperature.

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